General Nursing©

HEMORRHOIDS

In a patient with hemorrhoids, nurses prepare him for hemorrhoidectomy by administering an enema, as ordered (usually 2 to 4 hours before surgery) and record results.

The perianal area is being shaved. His anus and surrounding skin are kept clean. Postoperatively, signs of prolonged rectal bleeding are being checked. Adequate analgesics, and sitz baths are provided, as ordered.

And as soon as he can resume oral feedings, a bulk medication such as psyllium is administered, about 1 hour after the evening meal, to ensure a daily stool. Then, the wound site is kept clean to prevent infection and irritation.

This condition, as well as varicose veins and thrombophlebitis, comes from inadequate blood flow in the veins, not the arteries. With hemorrhoids, there is slowed flow of blood in the veins around the anus and the development of painful blood clots with surrounding inflammation.

Prevention

Exercise programs are important because they keep the body toned and the blood flowing briskly. Sitting a great deal is bad. Overweight contributes to slow flow through the veins in several ways.

Pregnancy is a risk factor. Local cleanliness around the anus decreases inflammation. Perhaps most important, straining at stool increases internal abdominal pressure and slows blood flow. Straining also causes local irritation and inflammation as the hard stool passes through the rectum and anus.

Singing or talking while on the toilet can help prevent straining- never hold your breath. Take your time; read the newspaper if you need something to slow you. Dietary fiber is a natural laxative and is a very important part of your diet.

Whole-wheat breads fresh fruits, and vegetables are extremely important for preventing this problem, as well as for the other problems discussed previously.